1. Ecological Footprint: The impact of an individual or community on the environment, measured in terms of resources consumed.

　　生态足迹，生态脚印(人类活动对于地球生态系统影响的指标)。名词性短语

　　2. Biodiversity: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat.

　　生物多样性。名词

　　3. Mitigation: Actions or strategies to reduce or prevent the harmful effects of human activities on the environment.

　　减轻，缓和。名词。常见搭配：climate change mitigation 气候变化的减缓， mitigation measure 补救措施，risk mitigation 风险消减

　　4. Sustainable Development: Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

　　可持续发展。名词

　　5. Deforestation: The action of clearing a wide area of trees.

　　毁林，滥伐森林。名词。常见搭配：rate of deforestation 森林砍伐率

　　6. Carbon Sequestration: The capture and long-term storage of carbon dioxide to mitigate global warming.

　　碳固定，碳封存。名词性短语

　　7. Erosion: The process by which soil and rock are worn away by natural forces such as wind or water.

　　侵蚀，削弱。名词。常见搭配：water and soil erosion 水土流失

　　8. Renewable Energy: Energy derived from sources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, and rain.

　　可再生能源。名词性短语。

　　9. Ozone Depletion: The thinning of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere, often caused by human-made chemicals.

　　臭氧损耗。名词性短语。近义短语，ozone hole 臭氧空洞

　　10. Habitat Degradation: The deterioration of natural environments where organisms live.

　　生境退化，名词性短语。

　　11. Anthropogenic: Caused or influenced by human activities.

　　人类活动引起的，人类起源的。形容词。常见搭配：anthropogenic emissions 人类排放

　　12. Resilience: The ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances or shocks.

　　恢复力，复原力。名词。常见短语：ecological resilience 生态弹性(往往指的是生态系统自我的恢复能力，非人为的修复能力) ecological restoration 生态恢复(往往指的是人类积极干预之后的恢复)

　　13. Conservation: The protection and preservation of natural resources and ecosystems.

　　保护，节约，禁止浪费。名词。常见搭配：water conservation 节约用水，energy conservation 能量守恒，节约能源

　　14. Acidification: The process by which water becomes more acidic due to increased levels of carbon dioxide.

　　酸化。名词。常见搭配：ocean acidification 海洋酸化

　　15. Biodegradable: Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms.

　　可生物降解的。形容词。常见搭配：biodegradable plastic 可生物分解塑料

　　16. Symbiosis: A mutually beneficial relationship between different species.

　　共生关系，互惠互利关系。可以指不同种群间的共生关系，也可以指不同族群间的互惠互利关系。

　　17. Eutrophication: The excessive richness of nutrients in a body of water, often leading to the depletion of oxygen and loss of aquatic life.

　　富营养化。名词。通常都是指一些水体的富营养化，例如赤潮现象。常见搭配： lake eutrophication 湖泊富营养化， water eutrophication 水体富营养化

　　18. Irreversible: Impossible to reverse or undo.

　　不可逆。形容词性。常见搭配：irreversible damage 不可逆损伤

　　19. Resurgence: A revival or renewal, often referring to the recovery of a species or ecosystem.

　　复苏，复兴。名词。常见搭配：economic resurgence 经济复苏

　　20. Eco-friendly: Products or practices that do not harm the environment.

　　对生态有好的，环保的。形容词。